细节题的解法
一篇文章的中心思想是通过许多细节来说明、解释、证明和分析的。只要注意把握其规律，根据文章细节所设的问题便是容易解决的。这类题的出题规律通常是：题干和答案通常和文章中的某一个句子的意思一致，只不过采用了不同的表达方式，如同义词、反义词或词组等。题中的干扰项多与文章中的事实或观点截然相反，或者与文章的内容或观点部分不符，也有的在文章中根本就没有提到。同学们在做这类题时，可用查读法，找出问题的关键词所在位置，再根据这些关键词来选定答案。
阅读理解
Passage A
Washington—The largest ozone （臭氧）hole ever observed has opened up over Antarctica， according to the scientists of the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration （NASA）. They believe it is a sign that ozonedestroying gases produced years ago are just now causing the largest quantities of ozone to disappear①.
This years South Pole ozone hole spreads over about 28.5 million square kilometers， an area three times larger than the landmass of the ed States.
Pictures of the hole have been offered by NASA. The hole appears as a giant blue mass， totally covering Antarctica and stretching to the southern tip of South America.
“The last time the ozone hole was close to this size was in 1998， when it spread over about 27.2 million square kilometers，” NASA said.
Paul Newman， who works with NASAs Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer （TOMS） instrument on a NASA satellite， said ozone watchers had expected a big hole this year， but not this big②.
The Antarctica ozone hole， first observed in 1985， is caused by the depletion （损耗） of Earthprotecting ozone by humanmade chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons， known as CFCs.
“Even though these chemicals were not allowed to use from the beginning of 1987， they remain in the atmosphere and will continue to do so for years，” Newman said.
“This years large hole may have been caused by a change in a swirling highlevel air current over Antarctica， which circles the area and contains the zone hole，” Newman said.
译注
① They believe it is a sign that ozonedestroying gases produced years ago are just now causing the largest quantities of ozone to disappear.
他们相信这是数年前所产生的破坏臭氧的气体现在正造成大量臭氧散失的迹象。
② ...ozonewatchers had expected a big hole this year， but not this big.
臭氧观测者预计到会出现一个大洞，但没有想到这么大。
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. The text is mainly about .
A. the discovery of the largest ozone hole
B. the discovery of the Antarctica ozone hole
C. the history of the Antarctica ozone hole
D. the size of the largest ozone hole
2. The time 1985 was talked about in the text because it was when the Antarctica ozone hole .
A. was watched by Newman
B. was first closed
C. disappeared
D. was first watched
3. There is a giant ozone hole over Antarctica because over there.
A. humanmade chemicals have protected ozone
B. ozone has protected the earth
C. humanmade chemicals have destroyed ozone
D. humanmade chemicals have increased ozone
Passage B
Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe， of which 21 countries are members， have shown that 45 percent of reptile （爬行动物） species （种类） and 24 percent of butterflies are in danger or dying out.
European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr. Peter Baum， an expert in the environment and natural resources division of the council， when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the councils diploma for nature reserves （保护区） of the highest quality， and Dr. Baum had come to present it to the park once again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks， and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr. Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed to be allowed to survive in peace in their own right.
“No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction①，” he went on. The shortsighted view that reserved had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future.
“We forget that they are the guarantee （保证） of life systems， on which any builtup area depends，” Dr. Baum went on. “We could manage without most industrial products， but we could not manage without nature②. However， our natural environment areas， which are the original parts of our countryside， have become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land.”
译注
① No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction.
不要期望有地区既能够作为自然保护区又作为旅游胜地而幸存。
② We could manage without most industrial products， but we could not manage without nature.
没有工业产品我们可以应对，但没有自然界我们却不能应对。
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. Recent studies by the Council of Europe have declared that .
A. wildlife needs more protection only in Britain
B. all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out
C. there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere
D. many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting
2. Why did Dr. Baum come to a British national park？
A. Because he needed to present it with a councils diploma.
B. Because he was concerned about its management.
C. Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.
D. Because it was the only park that had ever received a diploma from the council.
3. The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that .
A. people should make every effort to create more environment areas
B. people would go on protecting national parks
C. certain areas of the countryside should be left intact （完整的）
D. people would defend the right to develop the areas around national parks
4.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A. We have developed industry at the expense of countryside.
B. We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like.
C. People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.
D. We should destroy all the builtup areas.
Passage C
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways： they provide him with wood and other products， they give him shade， and they help to prevent drought and floods①.
